三者的定義：

The definitions of the three:

股權(quán)：是指你在公司的所有權(quán)份額，涵蓋了分紅權(quán)表決權(quán)增值權(quán)資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)等各種權(quán)利

Equity: refers to your ownership share in the company, covering various rights such as dividend rights, voting rights, appreciation rights, asset ownership, etc

股份：指的是你的股權(quán)能帶來的收益。很多人經(jīng)常將“股份”和“股權(quán)”就混為一談

Shares: Refers to the benefits that your equity can bring. Many people often confuse "shares" with "equity"

合伙人其實就是名義上的股東（既股份），有時候?qū)嵜蓶|也被稱為合伙人，只是個稱呼上的變化

Partners are actually nominal shareholders (i.e. shares), and sometimes real name shareholders are also referred to as partners, just a change in their names

股權(quán)與股份大的不同之處：

The difference between equity and shareholding:

股權(quán)：通常是指在工商局登記的實名股東，公司要是有什么業(yè)務(wù)變動，需要這些實名股東親筆簽名才行

Equity: usually refers to the real name shareholders registered with the Industry and Commerce Bureau. If there are any business changes in the company, these real name shareholders need to sign their names in person

股份：不需要特別登記注冊，大多數(shù)是跟大股東簽個合同，里面會明確你的權(quán)利職責(zé)還有義務(wù)。這種股東大多數(shù)是沒有投票權(quán)的，也不參與公司的實際決策工作

Shares: No special registration is required, most of them are contracts signed with major shareholders, which will clearly define your rights, responsibilities, and obligations. Most of these shareholders do not have voting rights and do not participate in the actual decision-making work of the company

在股份里面還有一種叫“虛擬股份”，比如像華為員工手里的，基本都是在職期間的“虛擬股份”。公司在內(nèi)部虛擬定個“總股本（總股數(shù)）”，再通過各種方式比如認(rèn)購贈送獎勵之類的，將股份分給員工。員工拿到的是股數(shù)，而不是比例

There is also a type of stock called "virtual shares", such as those held by Huawei employees, which are mostly "virtual shares" during their tenure. The company sets a virtual total share capital (total number of shares) internally, and then distributes the shares to employees through various methods such as subscription and reward giving. Employees receive the number of shares, not the proportion

舉例：公司總股本為一個億，就相當(dāng)于有一億股，員工張三投了50萬元，就能認(rèn)購到50萬股

For example, if the total share capital of a company is one hundred million, it is equivalent to one hundred million shares. Employee Zhang San can subscribe to 500000 shares by investing 500000 yuan

通常這種虛擬股份，都是“在職股”，如果員工離職，就會被收回。即使員工不愿意也不行，因為這只是用于公司內(nèi)部的員工激勵機制，并不受法律的保護

Usually, these virtual shares are "in-service shares", and if an employee resigns, they will be reclaimed. Even if employees are unwilling, it is not possible because it is only used as an internal employee incentive mechanism within the company and is not protected by law

所以華為不上市的原因，不僅是因為他們不缺錢，還有一個很重要的原因是華為內(nèi)部有很多的激勵模式，在證監(jiān)會那邊是不被認(rèn)可的。很多上市的企業(yè)，在股權(quán)激勵方面做得很保守，沒有什么創(chuàng)新，主要原因還是因為證監(jiān)會對上市企業(yè)的要求太嚴(yán)格了

So the reason why Huawei is not going public is not only because they don't lack money, but also because there are many incentive models within Huawei that are not recognized by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. Many listed companies are very conservative and lack innovation in equity incentives, mainly because the China Securities Regulatory Commission has too strict requirements for listed companies

那么合伙人跟股權(quán)股份又有啥不同呢？

So what's the difference between partners and equity shares?

有的時候為了公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)需要，會注冊一個有限合伙企業(yè)來作為持股平臺，這里面會有兩種角色：

Sometimes, in order to meet the needs of corporate governance structure, a limited partnership enterprise is registered as a shareholding platform, which has two roles:

① 普通合伙人（GP，比如：創(chuàng)始人或控股人）

① General Partner (GP, such as Founder or Controlling Person)

② 有限合伙人（LP，就是投資人）LP這里的投資人，是沒有決策和表決權(quán)的，但能分到投資的收益（只享受收益權(quán)）

② Limited Partner (LP) refers to the investor who does not have decision-making or voting rights, but can receive investment returns (only enjoying the right to receive returns)

還有一種是側(cè)重團隊經(jīng)營者的增值合伙人（OP），OP不僅要出資出力，還要參與到公司實際價值的增長，后享受增值的收益

There is also a value-added partner (OP) that focuses on team managers. The OP not only needs to invest and contribute, but also participates in the growth of the company's actual value, and later enjoys the benefits of value-added

總結(jié)：

Summary:

合伙人基本上跟股權(quán)沒什么關(guān)系，跟股份有點像，但在動作導(dǎo)向上又完全是另外一回事

Partners have little to do with equity and are somewhat similar to shares, but their action orientation is completely different

合伙人更注重團隊合作和共同經(jīng)營，而股權(quán)和股份則更關(guān)注投資回報風(fēng)險責(zé)任這些方面

Partners place greater emphasis on teamwork and joint management, while equity and equity focus more on investment returns, risk, and responsibility

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