股權(quán)架構(gòu)是公司組織的頂層設(shè)計(jì)，股權(quán)設(shè)計(jì)核心是解決誰投資、誰來做、誰收益以及誰擔(dān)責(zé)的問題。從宏觀層面上，創(chuàng)業(yè)公司早期為核心的四類人：創(chuàng)始人、合伙人、核心員工、投資人，他們都是屬于公司也是早期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的承擔(dān)者和價(jià)值貢獻(xiàn)輸出者。
The equity structure is the top-level design of a company's organization, and the core of equity design is to solve the problems of who invests, who does it, who benefits, and who takes responsibility. At a macro level, the four most core types of people in the early stages of a startup company are founders, partners, core employees, and investors, all of whom belong to the company and are also early risk-takers and value contributors.
Below, Shandong Top tier Architecture Company will talk about the three top tier setting modes of equity structure:
①一元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
① Unified equity structure
②二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
② Dual equity structure
③多元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
③ Diversified equity structure
一元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
Unified equity structure
直接按各自出資分割股權(quán)、分享股權(quán)決策權(quán)及分紅權(quán)，這是簡單、較傳統(tǒng)的股權(quán)架構(gòu)類型。
Directly dividing equity, sharing equity decision-making rights, and dividend rights based on their respective contributions is a simple and more traditional type of equity structure.
一元股權(quán)架構(gòu)這種是指股權(quán)的股權(quán)比例、表決權(quán)(投票權(quán))、分紅權(quán)均一體化。
The unitary equity structure refers to the integration of equity ratio, voting rights (voting rights), and dividend rights.
對于初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人而言，其對企業(yè)控制權(quán)的掌握也缺少了自主性和靈活性，甚至很容易因企業(yè)融資或因他人惡意爭奪企業(yè)控制權(quán)，或是其他的意外變故而喪失了對企業(yè)的控制。
For the founders of startups, their control over the enterprise also lacks autonomy and flexibility, and they can easily lose control of the enterprise due to financing, malicious competition for control by others, or other unexpected changes.
在這種結(jié)構(gòu)下，所有中小股東的權(quán)利都是根據(jù)股權(quán)比例而決定的。這是簡單的股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)，需要重點(diǎn)避免的就是公司僵局的問題！
Under this structure, the rights of all small and medium-sized shareholders are determined based on their equity ratio. This is a simple equity structure, and the key to avoiding is the issue of company deadlock!
二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
Dual equity structure
二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)是指股權(quán)在股權(quán)比例、表決權(quán)(投票權(quán))、分紅權(quán)之間做出不等比例的安排，將股東權(quán)利進(jìn)行分離設(shè)計(jì)。比一元股權(quán)架構(gòu)更靈活一些的，還有二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)。二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)在國外非常普遍，這種股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)能幫助創(chuàng)始人和大股東在公司上市后仍能保持對公司的控制權(quán)。這種架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，適合那些需要將分紅權(quán)給某些合伙人，但將決策權(quán)給創(chuàng)始人的多個(gè)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人的情況。
The binary equity structure refers to the unequal proportion arrangement of equity between equity ratio, voting rights (voting rights), and dividend rights, which separates and designs shareholder rights. There is also a binary equity structure that is more flexible than a single equity structure. The dual equity structure is very common abroad, which can help founders and major shareholders maintain control over the company after its listing. This architecture design is suitable for situations where multiple co founders need to delegate dividend rights to certain partners but delegate decision-making power to the founders.
多元股權(quán)架構(gòu)
Diversified equity structure
在二元股權(quán)架構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，將公司的股東分為多個(gè)類型，創(chuàng)始人、合伙人、員工、投資人，資源股東等等。針對他們的權(quán)利進(jìn)行整體性安排，以實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)維護(hù)創(chuàng)始人控制權(quán)、凝聚合伙人團(tuán)隊(duì)、讓員工分享公司財(cái)富、促進(jìn)投資者進(jìn)入等目標(biāo)。
On the basis of the binary equity structure, the shareholders of the company are divided into multiple types, including founders, partners, employees, investors, resource shareholders, and so on. Make overall arrangements for their rights to achieve the goals of maintaining founder control, consolidating partner teams, allowing employees to share company wealth, and promoting investor entry.
相對于前兩種股權(quán)架構(gòu)來說，多元架構(gòu)能充分考慮企業(yè)各類主體間的利益關(guān)系，以及各類主體對企業(yè)本身的貢獻(xiàn)等多方因素，來指導(dǎo)股權(quán)的劃分思路；因此在此種架構(gòu)下劃分股權(quán)能有利于公司整體的快速發(fā)展，而不是個(gè)別股東利益大化，同時(shí)也符合企業(yè)治理的需求。
Compared to the first two types of equity structures, a diversified structure can fully consider various factors such as the interest relationships between various entities of the enterprise, as well as the contributions of various entities to the enterprise itself, to guide the division of equity ideas; Therefore, dividing equity under this structure can be beneficial for the rapid development of the company as a whole, rather than maximizing the interests of individual shareholders, and also meet the needs of corporate governance.
合理的股權(quán)架構(gòu)安排解決的不僅僅是分割股權(quán)比例的問題，而是要對創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)生存、發(fā)展所需對接的各種資源；將這些資源合理地拼接利用起來，實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)和各利益相關(guān)者之間的共贏局面。更多相關(guān)事項(xiàng)就來我們網(wǎng)站
http://www.fxofa66.com咨詢！
A reasonable equity structure arrangement not only solves the problem of dividing the equity ratio, but also needs to connect various resources required for the survival and development of entrepreneurial enterprises; Reasonably splicing and utilizing these resources to achieve a win-win situation between the enterprise and various stakeholders. For more related matters, come to our website http://www.fxofa66.com consulting service
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